Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
7246 => 7 2 4 6
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
7 to 2 = 5
2 to 4 = 2
4 to 6 = 2
6 to 7 = 1
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
5 2 2 1 = 5221