Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
40497 => 4 0 4 9 7
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
4 to 0 = 4
0 to 4 = 4
4 to 9 = 5
9 to 7 = 2
7 to 4 = 3
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
4 4 5 2 3 = 44523